Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) - Akrotiri (2008)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) z Akrotiri (2008)

	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002)	Akrotiri (2008)

Area	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island	total: 123 sq km note: includes a salt lake and wetlands
Area - comparative	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.	By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smallest of these is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Western Sovereign Base Area.
Capital	-	name: Episkopi Cantonment (base administrative center for Akrotiri and Dhekelia) geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	tropical	temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
Coastline	74.1 km	56.3 km
Constitution	-	Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960, functions as a basic legal document
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands	conventional long form: Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area conventional short form: Akrotiri
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services	a special form of UK overseas territory; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Economy - overview	no economic activity	Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Akrotiri. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m	-
Environment - current issues	NA	shooting around the salt lake; note - breeding place for loggerhead and green turtles; only remaining colony of griffon vultures is on the base
Exchange rates	-	Cypriot pounds per US dollar - NA (2007), 0.46019 (2006), 0.4641 (2005), 0.4686 (2004), 0.5174 (2003)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Administrator Air Vice-Marshal Richard LACEY (since 26 April 2006); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defense elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	the flag of the UK is used
Geographic coordinates	12 14 S, 123 05 E	34 37 N, 32 58 E
Geography - note	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983	British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus; of the Sovereign Base Area land, 60% is privately owned and farmed, 20% is owned by the Ministry of Defense, and 20% is SBA Crown land
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 47.4 km border countries: Cyprus 47.4 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (1998 est.)	-
Languages	-	English, Greek
Legal system	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply	the Sovereign Base Area Administration has its own court system to deal with civil and criminal matters; laws applicable to the Cypriot population are, as far as possible, the same as the laws of the Republic of Cyprus
Location	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia	peninsula on the southwest coast of Cyprus
Map references	Southeast Asia	Middle East
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 12 NM continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force	Akrotiri has a full RAF base, Headquarters for British Forces on Cyprus, and Episkopi Support Unit
Natural hazards	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards	-
Natural resources	fish	-
People - note	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem	-
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh waster at Ashmore Reef's West Island	approximately 15,700 live on the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia including 7,700 Cypriots, 3,600 Service and UK Based Contract personnel, and 4,400 dependents
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	-
Radio broadcast stations	-	AM NA, FM 1, shortwave NA (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)
Television broadcast stations	-	0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)
Terrain	low with sand and coral	-
Waterways	none	-

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